Skin pigmentation is a complex phenotype that shows extensive variation between human populations. Our findings require further replication as skin pigmentation showed only a small effect on circulating 25(OH)D. In this population taking protective measures against sunburn and skin cancer does not seem to remove the positive effect that having a less pigmented skin has on vitamin D production. These children also used more protection against the damaging effects of UVR. those with higher pigmentation score values, had higher levels of 25(OH)D (0.6 nmol/l 95% CI 0.2, 1.0 per unit increase in skin colour score Nā=ā5649). We found that fairer-skinned children, i.e. ![]() We examined the association of the scores with pigmentary traits, sun exposure and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels among children of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC, Nā=ā661 to 5649). We combined genetic variants strongly associated with skin colour, tanning or freckling to create genetic scores for each of these phenotypes. Additionally, we aimed to examine the influence of pigmentation on personal behaviour towards sunlight exposure and the effects of this behaviour on vitamin D. In this study we aimed to determine the validity of the evolutionary hypothesis linking lighter skin with higher vitamin D concentrations in a European population. ![]() The potential of UVR to be beneficial for some health outcomes but detrimental for others has prompted a public health debate on how to balance the positive and negative consequences of sun exposure. Greater sun exposure, on the other hand, is a well-known cause of skin cancer. Vitamin D, which is primarily obtained through exposure to sunlight (specifically ultraviolet radiation B (UVR-B)), has been inversely associated with several complex diseases. It has been hypothesised that light skin pigmentation has arisen to ensure adequate levels of vitamin D as human populations moved out of Africa and into higher latitudes.
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